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Diabetic retinopathy is a potentially sight-threatening eye condition that occurs as a complication of diabetes. It affects the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, and can lead to vision impairment or even blindness if left untreated. Diabetic retinopathy typically develops over time and is more common in people with uncontrolled diabetes.
The primary cause of diabetic retinopathy is high blood sugar levels over an extended period. Elevated blood sugar levels can damage the small blood vessels in the retina, leading to various stages of the condition:
In this early stage, tiny blood vessels within the retina weaken and may leak blood or fluid.
As the condition progresses, new blood vessels may grow on the surface of the retina, but these vessels are fragile and prone to bleeding, causing further vision problems.
Diabetic retinopathy can affect anyone with diabetes, regardless of whether they have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The risk increases with the duration of diabetes, so individuals who have had diabetes for a long time are more prone to developing the condition. Proper diabetes management, including blood sugar control, can significantly reduce the risk and progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Regular eye examinations are crucial for identifying diabetic retinopathy in its early stages. Symptoms may not be noticeable at first, but as the condition progresses, individuals may experience:
While there is no cure for diabetic retinopathy, several treatment options are available to manage and slow its progression:
Maintaining tight control over blood sugar levels through proper diabetes management can significantly reduce the risk of diabetic retinopathy and its progression.
Laser therapy, such as photocoagulation, can be used to seal leaking blood vessels and prevent further damage.
In advanced cases, a surgical procedure called vitrectomy may be performed to remove blood and scar tissue from the eye's interior.
Early detection is key. Regular eye examinations enable timely interventions and treatments.
Intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF medications can help reduce the growth of abnormal blood vessels and prevent bleeding.
Diabetic retinopathy is a serious eye condition that can affect individuals with diabetes. Proper management of diabetes, regular eye exams, and timely intervention are crucial to preventing and managing diabetic retinopathy.
If you or a loved one has diabetes, it's essential to stay vigilant about eye health and work closely with healthcare professionals to protect your vision. Call us on 02 9371 0093 or book online to arrange an eye examination.
Kofsky Optometry provides full-service general eye care. We provide you a 360 degree wrap around service – all inhouse, making your eye care easy, comfortable and yes, even enjoyable for you.
