Dry Eye: Understanding Causes, Identification, and Remedies

What is Dry Eye?

Dry eye, also known as dry eye syndrome or keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is a condition where the eyes do not produce enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly. Tears are essential for maintaining the health and comfort of your eyes. They provide lubrication, help to nourish the cornea, and protect against infections. When tear production is compromised, it can lead to dry, irritated, and uncomfortable eyes.

Causes of Dry Eye

Several factors can contribute to the development of dry eye:

Aging

As people get older, tear production tends to decrease, making older adults more susceptible to dry eye.

Environmental Factors

Dry and windy climates, air conditioning, and prolonged screen time can lead to increased evaporation of tears.

Medical Conditions:

Conditions like diabetes, thyroid disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sjögren's syndrome can affect tear production.

Medications

Certain medications, such as antihistamines, decongestants, and some blood pressure medications, can reduce tear production.

Hormonal Changes

Hormonal changes due to pregnancy, menopause, or hormonal imbalances can lead to dry eye.

Contact Lens Use

Improper use or prolonged wear of contact lenses can cause dry eye symptoms.

Eye Surgery

Some types of eye surgeries, such as LASIK, can temporarily disrupt tear production.

Who is Affected by Dry Eye?

Dry eye can affect people of all ages, but it is more common in older individuals. Women are generally more prone to developing dry eye due to hormonal fluctuations. Those with certain medical conditions, like autoimmune disorders, are also at an increased risk.

Identifying Dry Eye

Common symptoms of dry eye include:

Dryness

Feeling like there's something gritty or foreign in your eyes.

Redness

Bloodshot appearance of the eyes.

Irritation

Burning, stinging, or itching sensations.

Blurry Vision

Vision may become temporarily blurred, especially during tasks that require focused vision.

Diagnosis and Remedies

These may include:

Schirmer Test

Measures tear production using a small paper strip.

Fluorescein and Lissamine Green Staining

Detects damage to the surface of the eye caused by dryness.

Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT)

Measures how long it takes for tears to evaporate from the eye's surface.

Remedies for Dry Eye

The treatment approach varies based on the underlying cause and severity of dry eye. Some remedies include:

Artificial Tears

Over-the-counter lubricating eye drops can provide relief by supplementing natural tear production.

Prescription Medications

In some cases, your doctor might prescribe medications to reduce inflammation or stimulate tear production.

LipiFlow

A procedure that clears blocked oil glands in the eyelids, improving tear quality.

ZocuKit Professional Eyelid Intervention System

The most gentle, convenient, and effective platform to address almost any eyelid issue. ZocuKit is an in-store procedure to help your eyes feel and look better.

Lifestyle Changes

Using a humidifier, taking breaks during screen time, and protecting your eyes from wind and dust can help alleviate symptoms.

Punctal Plugs

Tiny plugs placed in the tear ducts can help keep tears on the eye's surface longer.

Surgery

In severe cases, surgical options might be considered to improve tear drainage.

Remember, early diagnosis and appropriate management can greatly improve your quality of life, if you're suffering from dry eye.

Dry eye is a common condition that can affect anyone, but its impact can be lessened with proper care and treatment. By understanding its causes, identifying its symptoms, and exploring various remedies, you can take control of your eye health and maintain comfort and clarity in your vision.

If you suspect you have dry eye, it's important to seek professional advice from an eye care specialist. We can perform tests to diagnose dry eye and determine its severity call us on 02 9371 0093 or book online to arrange an eye examination.