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Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a progressive eye disease that affects the macula – the central portion of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. This condition causes gradual damage to the macula, leading to blurred or distorted central vision. Over time, macular degeneration can severely affect the ability to read, drive, recognise faces, and perform other daily tasks.
While the exact cause of macular degeneration isn't fully understood, several factors contribute to its development:
AMD is more common in individuals over the age of 50, and the risk increases with age.
A family history of macular degeneration can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Smoking is a significant risk factor for AMD, as it can damage the blood vessels in the retina.
A diet lacking in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals may contribute to the development of AMD.
Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light may play a role in the onset of macular degeneration.
Macular degeneration primarily affects older adults, but some groups are more vulnerable:
As mentioned earlier, the risk of AMD increases with age, especially after the age of 50.
If you have a family member with AMD, your risk is higher.
AMD is more common among Caucasians.
Smokers have a significantly higher risk of developing AMD.
Straight lines may appear wavy, and central vision may become increasingly unclear.
Colors may appear less vibrant or washed out.
Objects may appear smaller or larger than they are, or there might be a blind spot in the central vision.
Regular eye exams, including a dilated retinal examination, are essential for identifying macular degeneration, especially if you belong to a high-risk group.
While there is no cure for macular degeneration, several treatment options can help manage the condition and slow its progression:
Eating a diet rich in antioxidants, maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking, and protecting your eyes from UV light can slow the progression of AMD.
A laser is used to activate a light-sensitive drug, which destroys abnormal blood vessels.
Intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF medications can help slow the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the retina.
Devices such as magnifiers, telescopic lenses, and electronic aids can help individuals with AMD make the most of their remaining vision.
Macular degeneration is a serious condition that requires regular monitoring and proper management. By understanding its causes, recognising its risk factors, and undergoing routine eye exams, you can take proactive steps to protect your vision. If diagnosed with macular degeneration, there are treatment options and lifestyle changes that can help you maintain your quality of life and maximise your remaining vision.
Call us on 02 9371 0093 or book online to arrange a personalised guidance and care tailored to your specific needs.
Kofsky Optometry provides full-service general eye care. We provide you a 360 degree wrap around service – all inhouse, making your eye care easy, comfortable and yes, even enjoyable for you.
